These are the tools (mathematical instruments) which were commonly used by Georgian astronomers to record their observations of the 1761 and 1769 transits of Venus, and by their early Victorian successors who illustrated the events afterwards. Starting from the upper left are a quill knife, a porte-crayon, a glass inkwell, a copper-alloy, leather, and glass travelling inkwell, a quill pen, an ebony and copper-alloy parallel rule, copper-alloy and steel dividers, a boxwood and copper-alloy English sector, and a boxwood plane scale.